Early life of Allama Iqbal, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, also known
as Allama Iqbal, was a famous British Indian poet, philosopher, lawyer and
politician. He is thought to be the inspiration behind the historic
'Tehreek-e-Pakistan', in which he was one of the first leaders to present the
concept of Pakistan as a separate nation to Muslims for the first time. Iqbal
was a very educated man who learn most of his education in India and some in
England and Germany where he was introduced to the philosophies of Goethe, Heine
and Nietzsche. . when allama iqbal studying abroad, he became a member of the
London branch of the All India Muslim League. In early life Iqbal practiced law
in India for some time after his return and later entered politics and was
known for his legal skills, political views and ground and philosophical views
- he was remembered as a great poet and scholar. Is done with his books like
'Ramuz-e-Bekhodi', 'Zabar-e-Ajam' etc., he became one of the most important
players in Urdu literature. Due to his abilities and extraordinary personality,
he was knighted by King George V in 1922.
Childhood:-
Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot, Punjab Province, British India
in the house of Sheikh Noor Muhammad and Imam Bibi. His father was illiterate
and worked as a tailor while his mother was a housemaid.
In his early life at the age of 4years Iqbal was introduced to
theology and sent to a mosque to learn the Qur'an, Allama Iqbal learned Arabic
from Scotch Mission College, Sialkot and did intermediate from the Faculty of
Arts, Murray College.
In 1895, Allama Iqbal entered Government College Lahore for his
bachelor's degree in philosophy, English literature and Arabic. He also
obtained Master of Arts degree from the same college and got number one
position in Punjab University Lahore.
Career:-
Allama Iqbal did his Masters in early life in Arts and began his
academic career as a reader of Arabic at Oriental College but soon became a
junior professor of philosophy at Government College Lahore.
Iqbal chose to pursue higher education in the West, and traveled
to England on a scholarship from Trinity College, Cambridge, where he earned a
Bachelor of Arts degree in 1906.
In 1907, he went to Germany for doctorate and received his Ph.D
from Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich. In the process, he published his
doctoral dissertation, "The Development of Metaphysics in Persia."
He returned to India and became an assistant professor at
Government College, Lahore, but the job did not provide him with any
significant financial support, so he decided to practice law. He practiced law
from 1908 to 1934.
In 1919, he became the General Secretary of
Anjuman-e-Hamaat-e-Islam, an Islamic intellectual and political organization
based in Lahore, Pakistan, of which he had been an active member for many years
before assuming office.
In 1927, Allama Iqbal was elected to the Punjab Legislative
Assembly early, and then later to the presidency of the Muslim League. It was
in these positions that he first introduced the concept of "Pakistan"
in his life.
Due to his unwell health, Iqbal stopped practicing law altogether
in 1934 and was awarded a pension by the Nawab of Bhopal. He devoted his life
to his spiritual development and contribution to Persian and Urdu literature.
Some of the books written by Iqbal are: 'Payam-e-Mashreq (1923)',
'Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam' (1930) ',' Javed Namah (1932)
',' Passed Card e-Iqama '. - Sharq (1936), Bal Jibril (1935), Zarb Kaleem
(1936), etc.
Major Works
Iqbal changed into acknowledged for his legal expertise and
political ideologies, however it became as a poet that he is nevertheless
fondly remembered.With books like, ‘Rumuz-i-Bekhudi’, ‘Zabur-i-Ajam’, etc. his
contribution to Urdu literature is vast.
Recommended Lists: Indian Writers, Pakistani Poets, Male
Philosophers, Pakistani Writers.
Personal Life and Legacy:-
Allama Iqbal got married three times in his life the early and
first marriage (1895) of Iqbal was with Karim Bibi and they have two children
Meraj Begum and Aftab Iqbal. His second marriage was to Sardar Begum and his
third to Mukhtar Begum (1914).
He died in Lahore in 1938 after a long battle with various
ailments, beginning with a mysterious sore throat that arose during a trip to
Spain and Afghanistan. His mausoleum was built in Hazari Bagh, Pakistan.
Trivia:-
They are known in most parts of Southeast Asia as the 'Poet of the
East'. He is also called "Mufakkir e Pakistan" and
"Hakim-ul-Amat".
He is the national poet of Pakistan and his birthday is a national
holiday there.
He is the author of "Saray Jahan Say Achcha Hindustan
Hamara".
In Iran and Afghanistan, he is known as Iqbal Lahore.
His son Javed Iqbal has served as a Justice in the Supreme Court
of Pakistan.
Many government agencies in Pakistan are named after him. Some of
them are Allama Iqbal Campus Punjab University in Lahore, Allama Iqbal Medical
College in Lahore, Iqbal Stadium in Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Open University in
Pakistan etc.
